JPPMI | PUBLICATION INTEGRITY
Transparent disclosure and responsible management of interests that may influence scholarly judgment.
Jurnal Pengabdian dan Pengembangan Masyarakat Indonesia (JPPMI) requires authors, reviewers, editors, and editorial board members to disclose financial and non-financial relationships or interests that could influence, or reasonably appear to influence, their professional judgment.
A conflict of interest may arise when personal, institutional, financial, academic, or other considerations have the potential to affect the design, implementation, evaluation, reporting, review, or publication of scholarly community engagement activities.
A disclosed conflict does not automatically constitute misconduct or prevent publication. Transparent disclosure enables appropriate assessment, editorial management, and informed interpretation of published work.
When uncertain whether a relationship or interest should be disclosed, authors, reviewers, and editors should disclose it. The responsible editor determines whether the interest is relevant and what measures are necessary to manage it fairly.
Conflicts of interest may be actual, potential, or perceived. They are not limited to financial relationships.
| Category | Examples |
|---|---|
| Financial | Employment, consultancy, honoraria, research or program grants, business ownership, shares, patents, royalties, and paid services. |
| Institutional | Administrative authority, organizational relationships, institutional benefit, partnerships, or institutional competition. |
| Academic or Professional | Recent collaboration, joint projects, supervision, mentorship, professional rivalry, or competing scholarly interests. |
| Personal | Family relationships, close friendships, personal disputes, or other relationships affecting impartiality. |
| Intellectual or Ideological | Strongly held positions, advocacy roles, or commitments that could prevent balanced evaluation of a manuscript. |
All authors must disclose relationships and interests relevant to the submitted work. The corresponding author is responsible for collecting the disclosures from all coauthors and ensuring that the manuscript contains an accurate Conflict of Interest statement.
Relevant disclosures may include:
Disclosures must be updated if a relevant interest arises or is identified during editorial processing. The journal may request clarification when a statement is incomplete or ambiguous.
Funding sources must be declared separately in the manuscript's Funding Statement. Disclosure of funding does not replace the Conflict of Interest statement, and the two declarations should be consistent.
Authors must identify the role of a funder or sponsor, where applicable, in:
If a funder or sponsor did not participate in these activities, authors should state that explicitly. Financial support must not be used to conceal editorial influence or misrepresent program outcomes.
Reviewers are expected to provide independent, fair, and objective evaluations. Before accepting a review invitation, reviewers must consider whether relevant relationships could compromise, or appear to compromise, their impartiality.
Potential conflicts include:
Reviewers must disclose potential conflicts to the handling editor and decline the invitation when impartiality cannot be assured. If a conflict becomes apparent after review begins, the reviewer must inform the editor promptly and follow the editor's instructions.
Editors must disclose relevant conflicts and withdraw from manuscript handling when their independence may be compromised.
An editor must not handle a manuscript when the editor:
Such manuscripts must be reassigned to an editor without a relevant conflict. The reassignment and any necessary safeguards should be documented within the journal's editorial records.
Manuscripts submitted by editors, editorial board members, reviewers, publisher representatives, or other individuals with relevant relationships to the journal must meet the same scholarly and ethical requirements as all other submissions.
When an editor or publisher-affiliated individual is an author, an independent editor without a relevant conflict is appointed to manage the manuscript.
The submitting individual must not select reviewers, access confidential reviewer identities or reports outside the normal author workflow, influence peer-review recommendations, or participate in the final editorial decision concerning their own manuscript.
Conflicts of interest in community engagement publications may arise from relationships among universities, community partners, local governments, commercial sponsors, nonprofit organizations, and implementing teams.
Authors should disclose relevant interests when, for example, an organization funding or delivering a program also participates in selecting evaluation indicators, interpreting outcomes, or determining which results are reported.
Professional responsibilities, institutional partnerships, or community participation do not automatically constitute problematic conflicts. Their relevance depends on whether they could materially influence the work or its interpretation.
Authors must accurately report program implementation, participant involvement, limitations, and evaluation outcomes, including findings that do not support expected benefits.
The handling editor or Editor-in-Chief evaluates disclosed interests according to their nature, relevance, and potential effect on the integrity of the manuscript or editorial process.
Appropriate management measures may include:
The selected response must be proportionate to the concern. Disclosure alone does not automatically disqualify a manuscript from publication.
Authors should include a Conflict of Interest statement in the manuscript using wording appropriate to their actual circumstances.
"The authors declare that they have no financial or non-financial conflicts of interest relevant to this article."
"Author [initials] reports [describe the relevant financial, institutional, professional, or personal relationship]. The remaining authors declare no relevant conflicts of interest."
"The funder had no role in program design, implementation, data collection, analysis, interpretation, manuscript preparation, or the decision to submit the article for publication."
"The funder supported [describe the activity] and participated in [specify relevant stages]. The authors were responsible for the reported analyses, interpretations, and final manuscript."
These examples are illustrative. Authors must replace bracketed text, disclose actual relationships, and ensure consistency between the Conflict of Interest and Funding statements.
When a potentially relevant undisclosed conflict is identified, the editorial team may request explanations and supporting information from the individuals concerned.
The journal assesses whether the undisclosed relationship could have influenced manuscript preparation, reported findings, reviewer selection, peer-review assessment, or the editorial decision.
Appropriate actions may include clarification, correction of the disclosure statement, independent reassessment, rejection of a manuscript where justified, or referral of serious concerns to a responsible institution. All actions are based on the nature of the concern and the available evidence.
If a relevant undisclosed conflict is identified after an article has been published, JPPMI evaluates its potential impact on the scholarly record and the integrity of the publication process.
Depending on the circumstances, the journal may publish a clarification or correction, issue an expression of concern, undertake further investigation, or retract an article when serious and substantiated concerns render the scholarly record unreliable.
A missing or incomplete conflict of interest declaration does not automatically require retraction. Editorial action must be evidence-based, proportionate, and consistent with the journal's publication integrity procedures.
