Journal of Nutrition and Health Development

Knowledge and Attitudes in Relation to Compliance with Iron Supplement Tablet Consumption among Adolescent Girls at Maryam Junior High School, Surabaya

2025-08-19T08:03:22+00:00

Anemia remains a significant public health problem among adolescent girls, primarily caused by iron deficiency during the period of rapid growth and menstruation. The Indonesian government has promoted iron supplementation through the distribution of Tablet Tambah Darah (TTD) to reduce anemia prevalence. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between knowledge and attitude with compliance in consuming TTD among adolescent girls at Maryam Junior High School, Surabaya. This observational analytic study employed a cross-sectional design and involved 59 female students selected through proportional random sampling. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire covering knowledge, attitude, and compliance, and analyzed using the chi-square test. Of the total respondents, 50.8% had poor knowledge, 47.5% had moderate knowledge, and only 1.7% had good knowledge. Most participants (98.3%) had a positive attitude toward TTD consumption. However, only 40.7% were compliant with the recommended consumption, while 59.3% were classified as non-compliant. Statistical analysis showed a significant association between knowledge and compliance (p = 0.035), indicating that adolescents with better knowledge were nearly four times more likely to comply with TTD intake. Conversely, attitude was not significantly related to compliance (p = 0.404). These findings suggest that strengthening knowledge through structured health education and school-based campaigns is essential to improve adherence to iron supplementation programs, while attitude alone does not predict compliance.

The Influence of Junk Food Advertising Exposure and Consumption on the Nutritional Status of Overweight and Obesity among Adolescents in Surabaya

2025-08-11T08:43:21+00:00

The prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents continues to increase, partly due to high consumption of junk food influenced by exposure to advertising. This study aims to determine the frequency of exposure to junk food advertising among seventh and eighth grade students at SMPN 38 Surabaya and its relationship to nutritional status.

This analytical observational research employed a cross-sectional design, conducted in 2025, involving 81 participants selected using simple random sampling based on the Slovin formula. Data were collected using a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and analyzed with the chi-square test at a 95% confidence level (p < 0.05). The results revealed that the majority of participants (45.7%) were overweight, and 65.4% had a high consumption of junk food. There was a significant association between exposure to advertisements and junk food consumption (p = 0.033), junk food consumption and nutritional status (p = 0.018), and exposure to advertisements and nutritional status (p = 0.004). In conclusion, exposure to junk food advertisements is significantly associated with increased junk food consumption, which ultimately elevates the risk of obesity among adolescents.

The Relationship of Diet and Physical Activity to the Prevalence of Hypertension in the Elderly: A Cross Sectional Study at the Klampis Ngasem Health Center, Surabaya City

2025-08-18T13:11:49+00:00

Hypertension is one of the main health problems that often occur in the elderly, with a growing prevalence both globally and nationally. Modifiable factors such as diet and physical activity play an important role in the incidence of hypertension. This study aims to analyze the relationship between diet and physical activity to the incidence of hypertension in the elderly at the Klampis Ngasem Health Center, Surabaya City. This study uses an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample totaled 65 elderly people, determined by the Slovin formula and taken by simple random sampling. Data was collected through questionnaires and interviews, and analyzed using the Chi Square test. Most of the elderly were aged 60–69 years (69.2%), female (73.8%), and had no family history of hypertension (89.2%). Based on diet, most of the respondents were classified as adequate food (80%), good eating frequency (67.7%), but still dominated by poor diet (57%). According to the classification of hypertension, the majority of respondents with a poor diet were in the pre-hypertension category (38.8%). Statistical tests showed a significant relationship between diet and hypertension (p = 0.021), as well as between physical activity and hypertension (p = 0.001). The conclusion of this study is that diet and physical activity are significantly related to the incidence of hypertension in the elderly. It is recommended to improve diet and increase physical activity to reduce the risk of hypertension.

Body Image, Eating Patterns, and Nutritional Status of Adolescent Girls at SMP Negeri 38 Surabaya

2025-09-02T18:37:25+00:00

Adolescent girls are vulnerable to body image concerns and unhealthy eating patterns due to social pressures, which may affect their nutritional status. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between body image, eating patterns, and nutritional status among adolescent girls at SMP Negeri 38 Surabaya. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving 67 female students from grades VII–VIII, selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data on body image were collected through a questionnaire, eating patterns were assessed using a Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), and nutritional status was determined by anthropometric measurements based on BMI-for-age. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test at a 95% confidence level. The results showed that 50.7% of respondents had a negative body image, 64.2% had unhealthy eating patterns, and 49.3% experienced nutritional problems (49.3% underweight, 29.9% normal, and 20.9% overweight). Statistical tests indicated significant associations between body image and nutritional status (p=0.028) as well as between eating patterns and nutritional status (p=0.012). In conclusion, body image and eating patterns are significantly related to nutritional status, with negative body perception and poor eating habits increasing the risk of malnutrition. The limitation of this study is that it did not include other influential factors such as physical activity and social media exposure, so the results should be interpreted with caution.

Anemia Knowledge and Its Relationship with Iron Supplement Consumption and High-Iron Diet among Adolescents at SMP Muhammadiyah 7 Surabaya

2025-09-02T14:33:35+00:00

Anemia is a common health problem among adolescent girls and can negatively affect both health and academic achievement. Knowledge of anemia is considered to play a role in influencing iron supplement consumption behavior and adherence to a high-iron diet. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between anemia knowledge and iron supplement consumption practices as well as high-iron dietary patterns among adolescents. An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted on 52 female students at SMP Muhammadiyah 7 Surabaya. Data were collected using questionnaires to assess anemia knowledge, iron supplement consumption, and high-iron dietary intake measured with SQ-FFQ, and analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation test. The results showed that most respondents had good knowledge about anemia (82.7%), while only 38.5% demonstrated good iron supplement consumption practices and 51.9% reported a good high-iron diet. Statistical analysis revealed no significant relationship between anemia knowledge and iron supplement consumption (p = 0.066) or between anemia knowledge and high-iron diet (p = 0.051). These findings indicate that good knowledge alone does not guarantee healthy behavior, and other factors such as attitudes, motivation, and social support may contribute to anemia prevention practices. The study is limited by its cross-sectional design and reliance on self-reported data, which may restrict causal interpretation and introduce recall bias.

The Relationship Between Fatty Food Consumption Habits and Physical Activity on the Incidence of Coronary Heart Disease at the Haji Provincial Hospital in East Java

2025-09-08T06:09:45+00:00

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death and health problems worldwide. According to the WHO, cardiovascular disease accounted for 32% of all deaths in 2019. Based on the results of the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI), 0.85% of heart disease cases were diagnosed by doctors. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between fatty food consumption and physical activity with the incidence of coronary heart disease in outpatients at the Haji Provincial Hospital in East Java. This study used an analytical research design with a cross-sectional approach involving 48 participants. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews with outpatients at the Haji Provincial Hospital in East Java. Statistical results using the Chi-square test showed a significant relationship between the habit of consuming fatty foods and the incidence of coronary heart disease (p = 0.009) as well as a relationship between physical activity and the incidence of coronary heart disease (p = 0.002). It can be concluded that the risk of coronary heart disease is influenced by fatty food consumption habits and physical activity. Therefore, the quality of life of CHD patients can be improved by improving diet and physical activity.

Balanced Nutrition Knowledge and Fast Food Habits among Elementary School Children in Surabaya

2025-09-07T16:09:31+00:00

Nutritional problems among school-aged children remain a serious concern globally and nationally, including in Indonesia, where one of the factors influencing children’s nutritional status is their knowledge of balanced nutrition. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between balanced nutrition knowledge and fast food consumption habits among elementary school children at SD Uswatun Hasanah Wachid Hasyim Surabaya. This was a quantitative analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design involving 44 respondents from grades 3–6 selected through total sampling. Research instruments included a balanced nutrition knowledge questionnaire and a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) to assess fast food consumption habits, and data were analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation test. The results showed that the majority of respondents had sufficient knowledge of balanced nutrition (65.9%) and frequently consumed fast food (56.8%), while statistical analysis revealed no significant relationship between balanced nutrition knowledge and fast food consumption habits (p = 0.568 > 0.05). In conclusion, good nutritional knowledge does not always translate into healthier eating behavior, indicating the need for more comprehensive strategies to improve children’s dietary habits. This study is limited by its cross-sectional design, reliance on self-reported questionnaires, and being conducted in a single school, which may restrict the generalizability of the findings.