Role of Maternal Nutritional Status in Preventing Stunting During the Golden Growth Period
Keywords:
Maternal Nutrition, , Preventing Stunting, , Golden GrowthAbstract
Stunting remains one of the major chronic nutritional problems and a persistent public health challenge in Indonesia. This condition impairs not only physical development but also cognitive abilities, future work capacity, and general life quality. Ensuring adequate maternal nutrition during pregnancy is crucial to minimizing the risk of stunting, especially during the first 1,000 days a critical period for both physical and mental development in children. Poor maternal nutrition during this window can impair fetal development and increase the risk of stunting.
This research seeks to examine the relationship between a mother's nutritional condition and the prevalence of stunting among children, as well as to identify key factors influencing maternal nutrient adequacy during pregnancy. A literature review method was employed, with article searches conducted through the Google Scholar database using the keywords “maternal nutritional status” and “stunting.” Inclusion criteria consisted of accredited national journal articles published within the last ten years, available in full text, open access, and without restriction on study design. Out of 62 identified articles, 10 met the inclusion criteria and were thoroughly analyzed.
The review found a strong link between poor maternal nutritional status particularly chronic energy deficiency (CED) and anemia and higher rates of stunting in children. Additional contributing factors include maternal nutrition knowledge, dietary patterns during pregnancy, and access to healthcare services. Enhancing maternal nutrition through education, nutritional interventions, and improved healthcare access is essential for effective stunting prevention. These efforts should be concentrated during pregnancy through the child’s first two years, recognized as a critical window for optimal growth and development.
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